Forward Air Corporation Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Acquisitions and Goodwill

Acquisitions and Goodwill

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intermodal Acquisitions

As part of the Company's strategy to expand its Intermodal operations, in May 2017, we acquired certain assets of Atlantic Trucking Company, Inc., Heavy Duty Equipment Leasing, LLC, Atlantic Logistics, LLC and Transportation Holdings, Inc. (together referred to as “Atlantic” in this note) for $22,500 and a potential earnout of $1,000. The acquisition was funded by a combination of cash on hand and funds from our revolving credit facility. Atlantic was a privately held provider of intermodal, drayage and related services headquartered in Charleston, South Carolina. It also has terminal operations in Atlanta, Charlotte, Houston, Jacksonville, Memphis, Nashville, Norfolk and Savannah. These locations allowed Intermodal to significantly expand its footprint in the southeastern region. In October 2017, we also acquired certain assets of Kansas City Logistics, LLC ("KCL") for $640 and an earnout of $100 paid in the second quarter of 2018. KCL provided Intermodal with an expanded footprint in the Kansas and Missouri markets. The assets, liabilities, and operating results of these collective acquisitions have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements from their dates of acquisition and have been included in the Intermodal reportable segment.

Allocations of Purchase Prices

The following table presents the allocation of the Atlantic and KCL purchase prices to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values and resulting residual goodwill (in thousands):



	Atlantic		KCL
	May 7, 2017		October 22, 2017
Tangible assets:
Property and equipment	$	1,821	$	223
Total tangible assets	1,821		223
Intangible assets:
Non-compete agreements	1,150		6
Customer relationships	13,400		234
Goodwill	6,719		277
Total intangible assets	21,269		517
Total assets acquired	23,090		740

Liabilities assumed:
Current liabilities	590		100
Total liabilities assumed	590		100
Net assets acquired	$	22,500	$	640

The acquired definite-lived intangible assets have the following useful lives:



	Useful Lives
	Atlantic	KCL
Customer relationships	15 years	15 years
Non-compete agreements	5 years	2 years

The fair value of the non-compete agreements and customer relationships assets were estimated using an income approach. The Company's inputs into fair value estimates are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as defined in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“the FASB Codification”). Under this method, an intangible asset's fair value is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flows (excess earnings) attributable solely to the intangible asset over its remaining useful life. To estimate fair value, the Company used cash flows discounted at rates considered appropriate given the inherent risks associated with each type of asset. The Company believes that the level and timing of cash flows appropriately reflect market participant assumptions. Cash flows were assumed to extend through the remaining economic useful life of each class of intangible asset.

Goodwill

The Company conducted its annual impairment assessments and test of goodwill for each reporting unit as of June 30, 2018 and no impairment charges were required. The first step of the goodwill impairment test is the Company's assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill. When performing the qualitative assessment, the Company considers the impact of factors including, but not limited to, macroeconomic and industry conditions, overall financial performance of each reporting unit, litigation and new legislation. If based on the qualitative assessments, the Company believes it more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the reporting unit's carrying amount, or periodically as deemed appropriate by management, the Company will prepare an estimation of the respective reporting unit's fair value utilizing a quantitative approach. If a quantitative fair value estimation is required, the Company estimates the fair value of the applicable reporting units, using a combination of discounted projected cash flows and market valuations for comparable companies as of the valuation date (level 3). If this estimation of fair value indicates that impairment potentially exists, the Company will then measure the amount of the impairment, if any. Goodwill impairment exists when the estimated implied fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value. Changes in strategy or market conditions could significantly impact these fair value estimates and require adjustments to recorded asset balances.

We have five reporting units - Expedited LTL, TLX Forward Air, Intermodal, Pool Distribution and Total Quality, Inc. ("TQI"). The TLX Forward Air and the TQI reporting units are assigned to the Truckload Premium Services reportable segment. Currently, there is no goodwill assigned to the TLX Forward Air reporting unit. Our 2018 calculations for LTL, Pool Distribution, Intermodal and TQI indicated that, as of June 30, 2018, the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded their carrying value by approximately 349.0%, 182.0%, 73.0% and 36.0%, respectively.

For our 2018 analysis, the significant assumptions used for the income approach were projected net cash flows and

the following discount and long-term growth rates:



	Expedited LTL		Pool		Intermodal		TQI
Discount rate	12.0	%	15.5	%	14.0	%	16.5	%
Long-term growth rate	4.0	%	4.0	%	4.0	%	4.0	%

The estimates used to calculate the fair value of each reporting unit change from year to year based on operating results, market conditions, and other factors. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of the reporting unit's fair value and goodwill impairment for the reporting unit.

There were no changes to goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Approximately $112,527 of goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The following is a summary of the goodwill balances as of June 30, 2018.



	Ending balance, June 30, 2018
Expedited LTL
Goodwill	$	97,593
Accumulated Impairment	—

TLS
Goodwill	45,164
Accumulated Impairment	(25,686		)

Pool Distribution
Goodwill	12,359
Accumulated Impairment	(6,953		)

Intermodal
Goodwill	69,194
Accumulated Impairment	—

Total	$	191,671

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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